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21,281 grants matching “influenza”
Multiplex diagnostic for biothreat C. psittaci & non-threat respiratory pathogens
$1,071,188Deborah Anne Dean · Children'S Hospital & Res Ctr At Oakland · R01 · FY2014 · AI
Recombinant Adenovirus Vector Vaccine Studies
$1,069,851Gary J Nabel · National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases · Z01 · FY2008 · AI
A Novel Systemic and Mucosal Adjuvant for Biodefense
$1,069,641Robert E. Johnston · Global Vaccines, Inc. · U01 · FY2009 · AI
A nanoparticle-based immunoprophylactic strategy that protects against a broad sp
$1,069,167Allen G Harmsen · Montana State University - Bozeman · R56 · FY2010 · AI
Mechanisms of Virus Entry into Cells and Antiviral Barriers Limiting Entry
$1,068,562Alex Compton · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2024 · CA
Control Systems Governing Short vs Longterm Humoral & Cellular Immunity
$1,068,125Christopher C Goodnow · Scripps Research Institute, The · U19 · FY2014 · AI
DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE INFLUENZA SURVEILLANCE NETWORKS AND RESPONSE TO AVIAN AND
$1,066,572Yuelong Shu · Natl Inst Of Viral Disease Control/Prev · U51 · FY2011 · IP
Natural infection of norovirus and sapovirus in a birth cohort in a Peruvian periurban community
$1,066,175Robert H Gilman · Johns Hopkins University · R01 · FY2018 · AI
Genomics Core
$1,065,971John A T Young · Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai · U19 · FY2013 · AI
**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** OVERVIEW. VIRAL EMERGENCE POSES A CONSTANT THREAT TO HUMANS AND ANIMALS AND WE ARE NEITHER ABLE TO PREDICT WHICH VIRUSES WILL EMERGE, NOR WHERE, WHEN, OR WHICH POPULATIONS WILL BE AFFECTED. THE OVERALL AIM OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DETERMINE HOW ENVIRONMENTAL, HOST, AND VIRUS FACTORS INFLUENCE HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS AND TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF POTENTIALLY EMERGING VIRUSES. AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUSES (AIVS) PROVIDE UNIQUE OPPORTUNITIES TO ADDRESS THIS BECAUSE THEY HAVE JUMPED INTO HUMANS, DOGS, PIGS AND HORSES, WITH SIGNIFICANT CONSEQUENCES ON PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD SECURITY, AND THE GLOBAL ECONOMY. WE WILL FOCUS ON THE INTERSPECIES TRANSMISSION AND EMERGENCE OF AIVS TO HORSES BECAUSE AIV STRAINS HAVE EMERGED IN HORSE POPULATIONS ON INDEPENDENT OCCASIONS. WE PROPOSE TO PERFORM FIELD WORK IN A WELL-DEFINED ECOSYSTEM THAT FAVOURS AVIAN-TO-HORSE AIV TRANSMISSION AND ALSO TO PERFORM LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS USING AVIAN AND EQUINE INFLUENZA VIRUSES WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF EQUINE FITNESS - ABILITY TO INFECT AND TRANSMIT IN HORSES. OUR LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS WILL USE GENETIC ENGINEERING TO CAPTURE CHANGES IN FITNESS DUE TO VIRUS EVOLUTION. RESULTS OBTAINED WILL BE COMBINED IN A MATHEMATICAL FRAMEWORK THAT WILL ENABLE THE ESTIMATION OF RISK OF VIRAL EMERGENCE, INCLUDING THE EFFECTS OF HERD IMMUNITY. THIS MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH WILL PROVIDE NEW INSIGHTS ON THE MECHANISMS THAT UNDERPIN VIRAL EMERGENCE AND WILL AID THE DESIGN OF MORE EFFECTIVE INTERVENTION MEASURES TO CONTROL FUTURE EVENTS OF VIRAL EMERGENCE.INTELLECTUAL MERIT. THIS PROJECT WILL IMPROVE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE GENERAL PRINCIPLES THAT ENABLE PATHOGENS TO JUMP TO AND SPREAD IN NEW HOST POPULATIONS. TO THIS END WE WILL USE AIVS, A MAJOR CAUSE OF DISEASE IN HUMANS AND ANIMALS WORLD-WIDE, AS A MODEL SYSTEM. WE WILL BRING TOGETHER ECOLOGY, EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, VIROLOGY AND MATHEMATICAL MODELLING TO DEVELOP NOVEL ANALYTICAL TOOLS THAT WILL ENABLE THE QUANTIFICATION OF RISK OF INFLUENZA EMERGENCE BASED ON THE COMBINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL, HOST, AND PATHOGEN-ASSOCIATED FACTORS. THIS WORK WILL ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING RESEARCH QUESTIONS: I) HOW DOES BIRD MIGRATION AND POPULATION SIZE IMPACT INTERSPECIFIC TRANSMISSION OF AIVS TO HORSES; II) HOW DOES CROSS IMMUNITY AFFECT VIRUS SUSCEPTIBILITY AND TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF AIVS IN HORSE POPULATIONS; III) WHAT IS THE FITNESS LANDSCAPE OF AIVS IN HORSES; AND IV) WHAT EVOLUTIONARY MECHANISMS (MUTATION AND/OR REASSORTMENT) ARE THE MOST LIKELY TO INCREASE AIV FITNESS IN HORSES IN NATURE?BROADER IMPACTS. THIS RESEARCH WILL GENERATE A MULTIDISCIPLINARY FRAMEWORK TO ASSESS THE RISK OF EMERGENCE OF AVIAN-ORIGIN INFLUENZA VIRUSES IN HORSES, PROVIDING IMPORTANT NEW INFORMATION ON THE RISK OF EMERGENCE OF NOVEL VIRUSES IN HORSES. EQUINE INFLUENZA IS AN ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT DISEASE IN THE UK, US AND WORLDWIDE. FURTHER, HORSES CAN ACT AS INTERMEDIATE HOSTS OF NOVEL VIRUSES, AS ILLUSTRATED BY THE TRANSFER OF EQUINE INFLUENZA VIRUS INTO DOGS THAT LED TO THE EMERGENCE OF CANINE INFLUENZA IN THE US IN EARLY 2000S. IN BROADER TERMS, MORE ACCURATE RISK ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORKS ARE CENTRAL TO DEVELOPING BETTER PREPAREDNESS MEASURES AGAINST FUTURE EVENTS OF PATHOGEN EMERGENCE. OUR APPROACH CAN BE APPLIED NOT ONLY TO OTHER INFLUENZA VIRUSES SUCH AS PARAMYXOVIRUSES (E.G. NIPAH AND HENDRA) AND CORONAVIRUSES (E.G. MERS AND SARS CORONAVIRUSES). WE WILL TRAIN AND MENTOR AT THE UNDERGRADUATE, GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL LEVEL, INCLUDING MULTIPLE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGES. TO MAXIMIZE IMPACT, RESULTS FROM OUR RESEARCH WILL BE DIRECTLY COMMUNICATED TO STAKEHOLDERS INCLUDING HEALTH AND AGRICULTURAL AUTHORITIES, ACADEMICS, AND THE HORSERACING INDUSTRY.
$1,064,846University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. · · FY2021 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Rapid Point of Care Diagnostic Assay for Pandemic Influenza
$1,063,285Shuqi Chen · Iquum, Inc. · U01 · FY2009 · AI
Center for Computational Mass-Spectrometry
$1,062,982Pavel A Pevzner · University Of California, San Diego · P41 · FY2010 · RR
CENTER FOR COMPUTATIONAL MASS-SPECTROMETRY
$1,062,982Pavel A Pevzner · University Of California, San Diego · P41 · FY2010 · RR
ULTRAFAST OPTICAL PROCESSES LABORATORY
$1,062,964Feng Gai · University Of Pennsylvania · P41 · FY2014 · GM
Immune crosstalk in lung injury and fibrosis
$1,061,189Bethany B. Moore · University Of Michigan At Ann Arbor · R35 · FY2025 · HL
Immune signatures of vaccine responses in vulnerable populations
$1,060,433Ruth R Montgomery · Yale University · U19 · FY2024 · AI
Functional and genetic constraints on influenza virus replication and fidelity
$1,060,424Adam Lauring · University Of Michigan At Ann Arbor · R01 · FY2025 · AI
Center for Computational Mass-Spectrometry
$1,060,209Pavel A Pevzner · University Of California, San Diego · P41 · FY2013 · GM
Integrated System for Rapid Detection of Respiratory Pathogens
$1,058,584Michael J Lochhead · Mbio Diagnostics, Inc. · R01 · FY2011 · AI
Dynamic regulatory network models of human response to influenza virus
$1,058,296Ivan Marazzi · University Of California-Irvine · U01 · FY2024 · AI
Multiplex diagnostic for biothreat C. psittaci & non-threat respiratory pathogens
$1,058,086Deborah Anne Dean · Children'S Hospital & Res Ctr At Oakland · R01 · FY2015 · AI
Natural infection of norovirus and sapovirus in a birth cohort in a Peruvian periurban community
$1,056,841Robert H Gilman · Johns Hopkins University · R01 · FY2019 · AI
Chicago Community-Acquired Pneumonia Consortium II
$1,056,782Richard G Wunderink · Northwestern University At Chicago · U18 · FY2011 · IP
Prenatal Factors and Risk of Schizophrenia in a Finnish National Birth Cohort
$1,056,592Alan Stewart Brown · New York State Psychiatric Institute Dba Research Foundation For Mental Hygiene, Inc · R01 · FY2008 · MH
Development of Nav1.7 Selective Inhibitors for the Treatment of Chronic Cough
$1,055,826John Cureton Hunter · Siteone Therapeutics, Inc. · R44 · FY2022 · HL