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38,696 grants matching “als”
Protein-mediated membrane remodeling
$1,090,494Leonid V. Chernomordik · Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development · Z01 · FY2008 · HD
Genetics of Brain Development
$1,090,321Maximilian Muenke · National Human Genome Research Institute · ZIA · FY2011 · HG
WE PROPOSE TO CONDUCT A SERIES OF INVESTIGATIONS OF THE MINERALOGIC COMPONENTS OF CHONDRITIC METEORITES THAT ARE THOUGHT TO HAVE FORMED ON PLANETESIMALS WITH THE GOAL OF DEVELOPING IMPROVED CHRONOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS ON THEIR FORMATION AND ON THE OVERALL AQUEOUS EVOLUTION ON ASTEROIDS. OUR ANALYSES ARE DIRECTED TOWARD DEVELOPING A BETTER UNDERSTAND OF THE SEQUENCE AND TIMING OF MAJOR EVENTSIN PLANETARY ACCRETION AND DIFFERENTIATION WHICH IS DIRECTLY RELEVANT TO THE GOALS OF THE EMERGING WORLDS SOLICITATION TO UNDERSTAND THE FORMATION AND EARLY EVOLUTION OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE STRATEGIC QUESTION OF LEARNING HOW DID THE SUNS FAMILY OF PLANETS SATELLITES AND MINOR BODIES FORM AND EVOLVE?WE WILL UTILIZE CHRONOLOGICAL TOOLS THAT WE AND OTHERS HAVE PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED IN A COORDINATED APPROACH UTILIZING PETROGRAPHY CHEMISTRY AND IN SITU ISOTOPIC ANALYSES. TIMESCALES OF EARLY GEOLOGIC ACTIVITY ON ASTEROIDAL PARENT BODIES OF METEORITES WILL BE ADDRESSED BY COUPLED ANALYSES OF THE MN-CR O-ISOTOPE AND C-ISOTOPE SYSTEMS IN CARBONATES AND OTHER SECONDARY MINERALS OF CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES. PREVIOUS DATA SHOW THAT DIFFERENT CARBONATE MINERALOGIES IN CI CHONDRITES HAVE DISTINCT OXYGEN AND CARBON ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS SUGGESTING AN EVOLUTION OF FLUID COMPOSITIONS ON THE CI PARENT BODY. WE HAVE DEVELOPED A METHOD TO IMPROVE THE ACCURACY OF MN-CR DATING OF CARBONATES AND WE PROPOSE TO USE THE NEWEST GENERATION ION MICROPROBE AT UCLA TO DELINEATE THE FULL RANGE AND TIMING OF FLUID EVOLUTION ON THE PARENT ASTEROIDS OF CI AND OTHER SELECT CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES. WE ALSO PROPOSE TO FOLLOW UP INTRIGUING HINTS OF 60FE ACTIVITY IN EARLY-FORMED CARBONATES VIA SIMS ANALYSES AND RESONANT IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY (RIMS) ANALYSES WITH OUR COLLABORATOR ANDY DAVIS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. AL-MG AND FE-NI SYSTEMATICS WILL BE MEASURED IN SELECT CHONDRULES FROM UNEQUILIBRATED CHONDRITES BY BOTH SIMS AND RIMS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF 60FE IN THE EARLY SOLAR SYSTEM.A PLANETARY MAJOR EQUIPMENT REQUEST IS MADE FOR PURCHASE OF A MULTI-SAMPLE INTRODUCTION SYSTEM FOR OUR NEW CAMECA IMS 1290 ION MICROPROBE. THE IMS 1290 IS THE PRIMARY INSTRUMENT FOR THE RESEARCH PROPOSED HERE AND IT SERVES OTHER FUNDED AND PROPOSED NASA PROJECTS AS WELL PROJECTS BROUGHT TO THE NSF NATIONAL ION MICROPROBE FACILITY. THE INSTRUMENT WAS PURCHASED WITH SUBSTANTIAL ($4M) SUPPORT FROM THE NSF MAJOR RESEARCH INSTRUMENTATION PROGRAM NEVERTHELESS WE COULD ONLY AFFORD TO OUTFIT WITH THE MOST BASIC SINGLE-SAMPLE INTRODUCTION SYSTEM. THE NEW SYSTEM WILL ALLOW THE STORAGE OF UP TO SIX SAMPLES IN THE VACUUM ANTECHAMBER ADJACENTTO THE ANALYSIS CHAMBER. THIS WILL ENABLE IMPROVEMENTS IN BACKGROUND LEVELS OF VOLATILE ELEMENTS AND WILL THEREFORE LEAD TO HIGHER RELIABILITY AND HIGHER EFFICIENCY OF ANALYSES INCLUDING THE OXYGEN AND CARBON ISOTOPE MEASUREMENTS PROPOSED HERE.
$1,089,990University Of California, Los Angeles · · FY2017 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Dysregulation of Protein Synthesis in Fragile X Syndrome
$1,089,880Carolyn B. Smith · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2013 · MH
Genomic and Functional Analyses of Regulatory Regions in Vertebrate Sequences
$1,089,835Laura L Elnitski · National Human Genome Research Institute · ZIA · FY2010 · HG
Antisense Oligonucleotide (ASO) Development for Rare and Neglected Diseases
$1,088,000Elizabeth Ottinger · National Center For Advancing Translational Sciences · ZIA · FY2023 · TR
Osteoarthritis: Prevention and Treatment
$1,087,163Thomas S Buchanan · University Of Delaware · P30 · FY2014 · GM
Role of Neurotrophins and Their Receptors in the Development of the Mammalian Ne
$1,086,465Lino Tessarollo · Basic Sciences · Z01 · FY2007 · CA
OXIDATIVE AND EXCITATORY TOXICITY IN NEURODEGENERATION
$1,085,629Massachusetts General Hospital · P01 · FY2004 · AG
Cross-Species Genetic and Epigenetic Studies of Stress Response and Reward
$1,085,472Christina Barr · National Institute On Alcohol Abuse And Alcoholism · ZIA · FY2012 · AA
Innovating Yeast and Human Genetics Approaches to Define Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Disease
$1,085,210Aaron D. Gitler · Stanford University · R35 · FY2024 · NS
Genetically Engineered Mouse Models to Study RTK Function in Melanoma
$1,084,624Glenn T. Merlino · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2016 · CA
Changing ART Adherence Behavior
$1,084,443Jeffrey D Fisher · University Of Connecticut Storrs · R01 · FY2006 · MH
A "Trojan Horse" bispecific antibody strategy for broad filovirus therapeutics
$1,084,177Kartik Chandran · Albert Einstein College Of Medicine · R01 · FY2021 · AI
Changes in synaptic function and structure caused by drugs of abuse
$1,083,911Veronica A Alvarez · National Institute On Alcohol Abuse And Alcoholism · ZIA · FY2011 · AA
EVALUATING CROP PRODUCTIVITY USING SOLAR INDUCED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE MEASURED FROM GROUND AND SPACE REMOTELY SENSED SOLAR INDUCED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE (SIF) CAN BE A VERY EFFECTIVE PROXY FOR GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENTS. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS EXHIBIT THE LARGEST PEAK CARBON FLUXES AND ARE PLAYING AN INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE. CO2 DRAWDOWN IN SUMMER CAN RESULT IN BOUNDARY LAYER CO2 CONCENTRATIONS CLOSE TO PRE-INDUSTRIAL LEVELS POTENTIALLY LIMITING GROWTH FOR C3 CROPS AND NATURAL LANDSCAPES. INTENSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURE ALSO IMPACTS CHANGES IN CO2 SEASONAL AMPLITUDES AS ARE RELATED TO COOLING OF US MIDWEST SUMMER TEMPERATURE EXTREMES (MUELLER ET AL NATURE CC 2015). IN SUMMARY CROPS ESP. IN THE MIDWEST ALTER THE REGIONAL AND GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE AS WELL AS LATENT AND SENSIBLE HEAT FLUXES AFFECTING SUMMER TEMPERATURES REGIONAL CLIMATE AND PRECIPITATION. SIF CAN PROVIDE UNIQUE INSIGHTS IN THE CARBON CYCLE OF AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS AND FOREST CANOPIES. FOR CROPS BOTH REMOTE SENSING INDICES FOR GREENNESS AS WELL AS CARBON CYCLE MODELS THAT ARE LARGELY CALIBRATED IN FOREST SYSTEMS FAIL TO REPRODUCE THE OBSERVED LARGE CARBON UPTAKE RATES. HOWEVER SIF CLEARLY IDENTIFIES THE HIGHER CARBON FLUXES (GUANTER ET AL PNAS 2014) AND CARBON USE EFFICIENCY (GUAN ET AL GBC 2015) OF CROP SYSTEMS. INITIAL COMPARISONS WITH OCO-2 HAVE ALREADY SHOWN STRONG LOCAL FEATURES OF CO2 DRAWDOWN ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH FLUORESCENCE VALUES IN THE MIDWEST CROP AREAS STRONGLY CONTRASTING FORESTED SYSTEMS. DESPITE THIS POTENTIAL MANY UP-SCALING APPROACHES USING SIF ARE STILL EMPIRICAL AND LACK VALIDATION AND MECHANISTIC UNDERSTANDING. WE POSIT THAT AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS ARE AN IDEAL STUDY AREA TO ADDRESS THIS AS I) TRADITIONAL VEGETATION INDICES FAIL TO REPRODUCE HIGH CARBON UPTAKES II) CANOPY STRUCTURE IS WELL DEFINED AND CAN BE TREATED IN 1-DIMENSIONAL RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODELS AND III) PROVIDE A WEALTH OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION VIA HARVEST STATISTICS. THE GOAL OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO PROVIDE A SOLID FRAMEWORK FOR USING SIF TO ESTIMATE GROSS AND NET CARBON FLUXES IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS. WE WILL LEVERAGE RECENT DEVELOPMENTS FOR MEASURING CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE AND CARBON EXCHANGE FROM THE LEAF TO THE CANOPY AND LANDSCAPE SCALE. THIS INCLUDES A MODIFIED FLUORESCENCE AND GAS EXCHANGE SYSTEM (WALZ) A SET OF NOVEL HIGH-RESOLUTION GROUNDBASED SIF SPECTROMETERS (PHOTOSPEC UCLA/CALTECH/JPL) ENABLING INDEPENDENT MEASUREMENTS OF SIF AT 680 AND 740NM AS WELL AS SURFACE REFLECTANCE (300-900NM) WITH FULL 2D SCANNING CAPABILITIES AIR-BORNE OBSERVATION ALREADY ACQUIRED WITH THE CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE IMAGING SPECTROMETER (CFIS JPL) AS WELL AS SPACE-BASED DATA FROM OCO-2 AND TROPOMI TO BE LAUNCHED IN OCTOBER 2016 (ESUSPI PROPOSAL FOR SIF RETRIEVALS IS FUNDED). WE WILL DEPLOY THREE GROUND-BASED PHOTOSPEC SYSTEMS AT SELECTED FLUXTOWER SITES IN DIFFERENT AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS TO MEASURE SIF AND REFLECTANCE (BI-DIRECTIONAL) AT<10MIN TEMPORAL RESOLUTION OVER THE FULL GROWING CYCLE IN PARALLEL WITH DIRECT CARBON EXCHANGE MEASUREMENTS (NEE GPP) FROM THE FLUXTOWER AT 30MIN RESOLUTION. SIF DIRECTIONALITY AND IMPACT OF SPATIAL AVERAGING WHICH HAS THUS FAR BEEN POORLY DEFINED WILL BE ASSESSED USING THE 2D SCANNING CAPABILITY OF PHOTOSPEC. IN ADDITION LEAF-LEVEL MEASUREMENTS OF GAS EXCHANGE AND THE FULL FLUORESCENCE SPECTRAL SHAPE WILL BE PERFORMED AT DIFFERENT GROWING STAGES. THIS FULL SET OF OBSERVATIONS IN CONJUNCTION WITH SIF/GPP MODELING (SOIL-CANOPY OBSERVATION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND ENERGY SCOPE) WILL ENABLE US TO DERIVE A ROBUST SCALING APPROACH FROM THE LEAF TO THE CANOPY AND LANDSCAPE SCALE. ULTIMATELY WE WILL USE SATELLITE DATA TO DETERMINE CARBON UPTAKE AT THE COUNTY LEVEL (BI-WEEKLY) AND COMPARE ANNUAL TOTALS AGAINST AVAILABLE YIELD STATISTICS. GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS IN IRRIGATED VS. RAINFED WILL ALSO BE USED TO EVALUATE THE RELATIONSHIP OF SIF WITH LATENT HEAT FLUXES AND THE
$1,082,793California Institute Of Technology · · FY2017 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DEVELOPMENT OF LEAD AGENTS FOR ALS TREATMENT IN PRECLINICAL MODEL SYSTEMS BASED ON DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION OF IGF-II
$1,082,703The Mclean Hospital Corporation · · FY2008 · Department of the Army
Genetically Engineered Mouse Models to Study RTK Function in Melanoma
$1,082,439Glenn T. Merlino · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2011 · CA
Disease Modeling of Influenza and Other Emerging Respiratory Viral Pathogens
$1,082,258Heinrich Feldmann · National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases · ZIA · FY2013 · AI
Determining factors of transmission and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in populations at risk
$1,081,195Elodie Ghedin · National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases · ZIA · FY2025 · AI
Dietary Modification Of Brain Aging And Neurodegenerative Disorders
$1,080,921Mark P Mattson · National Institute On Aging · Z01 · FY2008 · AG
Manipulating and Interrogating Spatial Transcriptomics
$1,080,800Lei Stanley Qi · Stanford University · DP1 · FY2023 · NS
Manipulating and Interrogating Spatial Transcriptomics
$1,080,800Lei Stanley Qi · Stanford University · DP1 · FY2024 · NS
Manipulating and Interrogating Spatial Transcriptomics
$1,080,800Lei Stanley Qi · Stanford University · DP1 · FY2025 · NS
Thailand HIV/AIDS and Infectious Disease Clinical Trials Unit (THAI CTU)
$1,080,500Suwat Chariyalertsak · Chiang Mai University · UM1 · FY2015 · AI