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24,576 grants matching “microbiome”
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** NEARLY $17 BILLION WAS SPENT WORLDWIDE ON FUNGICIDES IN 2020, HOWEVER THE IMPACTS OF FUNGICIDES ON PLANT MICROBIOMES REMAINS POORLY UNDERSTOOD. THE AUTHORS RECENTLY COLLECTED PRELIMINARY DATA IN TURFGRASS THAT SHOWED A 6-FOLD INCREASE IN DISEASE FOLLOWING THE APPLICATION OF THE BROAD-SPECTRUM FUNGICIDE CHLOROTHALONIL RELATIVE TO A NON-TREATED CONTROL. THE PRELIMINARY STUDY WAS UNABLE TO DETERMINE THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF THIS 'DISEASE RESURGENCE', AND IN THIS PROPOSAL WE SEEK TO EMPLOY A MORE ROBUST MICROBIAL COMMUNITY AND METABOLOMIC ANALYSIS TO UNRAVEL THE MECHANISMS BEHIND THE DYSBIOSIS THAT OCCURS TO PLANT MICROBIOMES AND MICROBIAL PROCESSES FOLLOWING FUNGICIDE APPLICATIONS IN BOTH TURFGRASS AND CORN. WE HYPOTHESIZE THAT CERTAIN, BROAD-SPECTRUM FUNGICIDES DISRUPT THE RESIDENT PLANT MICROBIAL COMMUNITY AND DECREASE THE ABILITY OF THE COMMUNITY TO SUPPRESS PATHOGEN ACTIVITY ONCE THE PATHOGEN-SUPPRESSING ACTIVITY OF THE FUNGICIDE HAS DISSIPATED. THE INFORMATION GAINED IN THIS PROJECT WILL BE USED TO IDENTIFY FUNGICIDE CHEMISTRIES THAT CAUSE DISEASE RESURGENCE IN TURFGRASS AND CORN, UNDERSTAND KEY MICROBIAL TAXA AND MICROBIAL PROCESSES DISRUPTED BY CHEMICAL FUNGICIDES, AND LEAD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORE EFFECTIVE BIOCONTROL STRATEGIES THAT REDUCE RELIANCE ON SYNTHETIC FUNGICIDES IN A BROAD RANGE OF AGRONOMIC AND HORTICULTURAL SYSTEMS.
$849,916University Of Wisconsin System · · FY2023 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
THIS PROJECT AIMS TO INVESTIGATE THE DYNAMIC INTERACTIONS WITHIN THE BARLEY MICROBIOME DURING FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT (FHB) INFECTION. OUR EXTENSIVE SURVEY OF MICROBIOME COMPOSITION ACROSS FOUR LOCATIONS IN THE US DURING FHB INFECTION OF BARLEY REVEALED THE MICROBIOME UNDERGOES SIGNIFICANT ALTERATIONS IN RESPONSE TO DISEASE PRESENCE, AND THE RESPONSE WAS MORE PRONOUNCED IN THE FUNGAL COMMUNITY. THIS OBSERVATIONAL DATA AND CULTURE COLLECTIONS OF THE CORE MICROBIOME HAS DRIVEN US TO INVESTIGATE THE PHYLLOSPHERE SUPPRESSIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE BARLEY MICROBIOME AND ASSEMBLAGE OF TRANSKINGDOM COMMUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF ENEMY RECOGNITION AND HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE. HERE WE EXPLORE THESE CONCEPTS WITH THREE PRIMARY OBJECTIVES. FIRSTLY, WE SEEK TO ESTABLISH THE BARLEY PHYLLOSPHERE AS A MODEL SYSTEM FOR STUDYING TRANSKINGDOM MICROBIOME ASSEMBLY MECHANISMS USING SYNTHETIC COMMUNITIES. SECONDLY, WE AIM TO DETERMINE WHETHER MICROBES RECRUITED DURING DISEASE OR FROM A NON-DISEASED/HEALTHY STATE ARE MORE EFFECTIVE IN MITIGATING THE DISEASE'S IMPACT. THIS INVOLVES PERFORMING DROP-OUT EXPERIMENTS WITH SYNTHETIC COMMUNITIES FOR THEIR EFFECTS ON PLANT HEALTH AND FUSARIUM INHIBITION. FINALLY, WE PLAN TO INVESTIGATE THE MECHANISMS UNDERLYING ASSEMBLY OF PHYLLOSPHERE MICROBES, USING EXTERNAL MAMPS APPLICATION AND FUSARIUM MUTANTS TO ASSESS THE ROLE OF MICROBIAL RECOGNITION AND PLANT IMMUNITY AS BIOTIC SELECTORS. THIS COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH WILL DEEPEN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE INTRICATE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BARLEY, ITS MICROBIOME, AND FUSARIUM INFECTION, POTENTIALLY OPENING NEW AVENUES FOR DISEASE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES.
$849,702North Dakota State University · · FY2025 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** E. COLI O157:H7 (ECO157) CONTAMINATION OF LETTUCE HAS BEEN A GRAVE CONCERN FOR DECADES, CAUSING NUMEROUS ILLNESS CASES AND FATALITIES, AND THUS THREATENING BOTH PUBLIC HEALTH AND A US INDUSTRY VALUED AT >$2 BILLIONANNUALLY. THIS FOOD SAFETY HAZARD IS TIED TO ECO157'S ABILITY TO COLONIZE THE SURFACE OF LETTUCE. THE COLONIZATION IS HIGHLY UNEVEN ON LEAF SURFACES AND INVOLVES INTERACTION WITH COMPLEX COMMUNITIES OF RESIDENT MICROBES INDIGENOUS TO LETTUCE (MICROBIOME). DESPITE THE MAGNITUDE OF HAZARD AND MOUNTING EVIDENCE THAT THE FATE OF IMMIGRANT ECO157 CELLS TO LETTUCE DEPENDS ON THEIR INTERACTION WITH THE NATIVE LETTUCE MICROBIOME, WHAT AND HOW SPECIFIC CONSTITUENTS OF THE RESIDENT MICROBIOME INTERACT WITH ANDAFFECT THE IMMIGRANT PATHOGEN REMAINS LARGELY UNEXPLORED.OUR LONG-TERM GOAL IS TO MITIGATE FOODBORNE PATHOGEN RISK OF LEAFY GREENS BY MODULATING THE PRODUCE MICROBIOME AND/OR OPTIMIZING PRODUCE PROCESSING ACCORDING TO THE MICROBIOME. IN THIS PROJECT, WE AIM TO SPATIALLY RESOLVE AND FUNCTIONALLY DISSECT ECO157-MICROBIOME INTERACTIONS AT THE RESOLUTION OF SINGLE BACTERIAL CELLS. USING A RECENT BREAKTHROUGH IN MICROBIOME IMAGING, WE WILL CREATE A BIOGEOGRAPHY OF THE LETTUCE MICROBIOME TO ADDRESS PREVIOUSLY INTRACTABLE QUESTIONS SUCH AS WHO IS THERE AND ALIVE, WHO INTERACTS WHOM, AND WHERE DOES THE INTERACTION OCCUR IN THE COMPLEX SURFACE TERRAIN OF LETTUCE. WE WILL ASSESS KNOWN AND NEWLY DISCOVERED RESIDENT BACTERIA THAT MAY HOLD PROMISE IN BIOCONTROL OF ECO157 (EFFECTOR STRAINS). WE SEEK TO IDENTIFY BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS THAT MEDIATE THE INTERACTIONS ON BOTH SIDES OF THE MICROBIOME-ECO157 INTERPLAY. WE WILL ALSO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF EFFECTOR STRAINS ON ECO157 SURVIVAL AND LOCALIZATION ON POST-HARVEST LETTUCE IN MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING DURING COLD STORAGE AND TEMPERATURE ABUSE. THROUGH THIS APPROACH, WE WILL PROVIDE A PROOF-OF-CONCEPT FOR THE FEASIBILITY OF POST-HARVEST MITIGATION OF ECO157 VIA MICROBIOME MANIPULATION.
$849,680University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. · · FY2022 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Integrated genomics research in parasitic tropical diseases
$849,665Joana Carneiro Da Silva · University Of Maryland Baltimore · U19 · FY2016 · AI
Glycomic Modulation of Gut Microbiome During HIV Infection
$849,645Mohamed Abdel Mohsen · Wistar Institute · R01 · FY2020 · DK
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** AS SEEDS IMBIBE WATER, THEY RELEASE NUTRIENT-RICH EXUDATES INTO THE 5-10 MM OF SOIL TERMED THE SPERMOSPHERE, WHICH FUELS THE INITIAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SOIL AND SEED MICROBES RESULTING IN LIFE OR DEATH FOR THE SEEDLING IN 12-24 HOURS.THE LONG-TERM GOAL OF THIS RESEARCH PROJECT IS TO IMPROVE KNOWLEDGE OF THE FUNCTION OF THE SPERMOSPHERE MICROBIOME TO IMPROVE PLANT DISEASE OUTCOMES. THIS GOAL WILL BE ACCOMPLISHED THROUGH THREE OBJECTIVES USING SOYBEAN AS A MODEL CROP: 1) SELECTION OF SPERMOSPHERE TAXA AND FUNCTIONS, 2) SOIL STEAMING EFFECT ON THE SPERMOSPHERE AND RHIZOSPHERE, AND 3) ROLE OF FUNGAL SECONDARY METABOLITES ON THE SPERMOSPHERE. SHOT-GUN METAGENOMICS OF THE SPERMOSPHERE SAMPLED ACROSS SOILS WILL DETERMINE THE SELECTED SPERMOSPHERE MICROBES AND IF TAXONOMIC DIFFERENCES CONVERGE TO SELECTED FUNCTIONS. SOIL STEAMING WILL LIMIT THE SOIL AS A SOURCE AND FOCUS ON THE TRANSMISSION OF SEED TO SPERMOSPHERE TO RHIZOSPHERE TO PLANT HEALTH. LASTLY, WE WILL USE CRISPR/CAS9 TO KNOCK OUT FUSARIUM VANETTENII SECONDARY METABOLITES AND DETERMINE HOW SPECIFIC FUNGAL GENES ALTER THE ASSEMBLY OF THE SPERMOSPHERE MICROBIOME. WE WILL COMBINE MICROBIOME ANALYSIS WITH MEASUREMENTS OF BIOMASS AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY. THESE PLANS ALIGN WITH THE AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOMES IN PLANT SYSTEMS AND NATURAL RESOURCES BY CHARACTERIZING THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND SIGNAL EXCHANGE INVOLVED IN MICROBIOME ASSEMBLY. THESE OBJECTIVES WILL CONTRIBUTE TO AN UNPRECEDENTED ADVANCEMENT IN KNOWLEDGE OF THE MICROBIOME THAT LEADS TO ACTIONABLE TARGETS FOR PATHOGEN CONTROL AND ROBUST CROP GROWTH.
$849,595Auburn University · · FY2023 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** MICROORGANISMS ARE NEVER ALONE, CONSTANTLY COLLABORATING WITH OTHER SPECIES TO SURVIVE AND THRIVE IN THEIR ECOSYSTEMS. IN THIS CUTTING-EDGE PROJECT, WE WILL BE STUDYING THE COOPERATIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BACTERIA AND PATHOGENIC FUNGI, WITH A PARTICULAR FOCUS ON THE DEVASTATING FUSARIUM WILT PATHOGEN OF COTTON. THIS PATHOGEN POSES A SERIOUS THREAT TO THE PRODUCTION OF PIMA AND UPLAND COTTON, BUT IT CANNOT SURVIVE ON ITS OWN. IT RELIES ON A COMPLEX MICROBIAL COMMUNITY TO SUPPORT ITS GROWTH AND VIRULENCE, AND WE ARE GOING TO UNRAVEL THE MYSTERIES OF THIS COMMUNITY. BY CHARACTERIZING THE BACTERIAL MICROBIOME THAT ASSISTS THE PATHOGEN AND STUDYING THE GENES INVOLVED IN THESE INTERACTIONS, WE WILL GAIN A DEEP UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THIS DEADLY DISEASE OCCURS IN NATURE. WE WILL ALSO BE DEVELOPING METABOLIC MODELS TO SHED LIGHT ON THE INTRICATE BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES THAT ENABLE THE PATHOGEN TO SURVIVE AND THRIVE. THIS RESEARCH HAS THE POTENTIAL TO REVOLUTIONIZE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF MICROBIAL ECOLOGY AND PAVE THE WAY FOR NEW STRATEGIES TO COMBAT DEVASTATING PLANT DISEASES.
$849,535Texas A&M Agrilife Research · · FY2023 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOMES CONFER MANY BENEFITS FOR CROP PRODUCTIVITY, PLANT-, AND SOIL HEALTH. HOWEVER, NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY IN AGRICULTURAL CROPS CONTINUES TO BE LESS THAN OPTIMAL. MICROBIAL NITRIFICATION IS CONSIDERED AS A PRIMARY CAUSE FOR THIS AND LARGE KNOWLEDGE GAPS REMAIN ON HOW ORGANISMAL INTERACTIONS CONNECT CARBON AND NITROGEN MINERALIZATION, CROP NUTRITION, NITRIFICATION, AND NITROGEN LEACHING IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS. THIS PROJECT AIMS TO ELUCIDATE HOW PLANTS AND NITRIFIERS INTERACT IN THE RHIZOSPHERE, AND WHICH CHEMICAL HANDOFFS OCCUR BETWEEN BOTH GROUPS. THE SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES ARE 1) TO ENRICH REPRESENTATIVES OF GLOBALLY-PREDOMINANT SOIL AMMONIA-OXIDIZING ARCHAEA (AOA) IN LABORATORY CULTURE, AND DETERMINE GENOME SEQUENCES AND GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS, 2) TO IDENTIFY AND CHARACTERIZE ASSOCIATIONS OF AOA WITH THE RHIZOSPHERE AND MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI OF A DIVERSE RANGE OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS AND OTHER LAND PLANTS, AND 3) TO CHARACTERIZE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN NITRIFIERS, MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI, AND PLANTS IN LABORATORY MODEL SYSTEMS. THE PROJECT ADDRESSES AFRI PROGRAM AREA PRIORITY 1402 AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOMES IN PLANT SYSTEMS AND NATURAL RESOURCES BY CHARACTERIZING MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND SIGNAL EXCHANGE INVOLVED IN MICROBIOME ASSEMBLY AND INTERACTIONS, AS WELL AS BY FUNCTIONALLY CHARACTERIZING MICROBIOMES AND MICROBIOME METABOLITES FOR OPTIMIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESS. THE PROJECT WILL PROVIDE A COMPREHENSIVE MODEL FOR N TRANSFER WITHIN THE SOIL-RHIZOSPHERE-PLANT ROOT CONTINUUM. IT WILL GENERATE SIGNIFICANT INSIGHT INTO ACTIVITIES OF ARCHAEAL NITRIFIERS WITH A POTENTIAL FOR IMPROVED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR INCREASED NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINABILITY. THE PROJECT WILL FURTHER TRAIN SOIL MICROBIOLOGISTS AT THE UNDERGRADUATE, GRADUATE, AND POSTGRADUATE LEVELS.
$849,409University Of Florida · · FY2023 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
MODERN AGRICULTURE FACES A MULTITUDE OF CHALLENGES WITH SEEMINGLY CONTRADICTORY DEMANDS FOR INCREASED CROP PRODUCTIVITY AND REDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL FOOT PRINT FOR LONG-TERM SUSTAINABILITY. NITRIFICATION IS CONSIDERED A PRIMARY CAUSE FOR LOW NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS. HOWEVER, SUBSTANTIAL NICHE SEPARATION EXISTS AMONG NITRIFIERS AND LARGE KNOWLEDGE GAPS REMAIN IN THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CARBON AND NITROGEN MINERALIZATION, CROP NUTRITION, NITRIFICATION, DENITRIFICATION, AND NITROGEN LEACHING IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS. THIS PROJECT INVESTIGATES LINKAGES OF THESE PROCESSES IN FERTILE ORGANIC AND A HIGHLY FERTILIZED SANDY SOILS. THE SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES ARE TO 1) FUNCTIONALLY CHARACTERIZE LINKED CARBON- AND NITROGEN CYCLING ACTIVITY IN ORGANIC AND SANDY AGRICULTURAL SOILS; 2) CHARACTERIZE CARBON- AND NITROGEN CYCLING MICROBIOME FUNCTIONS IN ORGANIC AND SANDY SOILS BY METAGENOMIC AND METATRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS; AND 3) IDENTIFY EFFECTS OF NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS AND AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT ON CARBON- AND NITROGEN CYCLE MICROBIAL INTERACTIONS IN TARGETED MANIPULATION EXPERIMENTS. THE PROJECT ADDRESSES AFRI PROGRAM AREA PRIORITY 1402 AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOMES IN PLANT SYSTEMS AND NATURAL RESOURCES BY FUNCTIONALLY CHARACTERIZING CARBON- AND NITROGEN-CYCLING IN AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOMES AND THEIR LINKAGES TO PLANT NUTRITION, NITRIFICATION, AND NITROGEN LOSS. THE PROJECT WILL PROVIDE A COMPREHENSIVE SEASONAL CARBON- AND NITROGEN CYCLING MODEL FOR BOTH SOIL TYPES. IT WILL GENERATE SIGNIFICANT NOVEL MECHANISTIC INSIGHT INTO CARBON- AND NITROGEN CYCLING IN AGRICULTURAL SOILS WITH A POTENTIAL TO IDENTIFY IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR INCREASED NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY AND IMPROVED CARBON STORAGE. THE PROJECT WILL FURTHER CONTRIBUTE TO TRAINING THE NEXT GENERATION OF SOIL SCIENTISTS AT THE UNDERGRADUATE, GRADUATE, AND POSTGRADUATE LEVELS.
$849,365University Of Florida · · FY2022 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** THIS PROJECT AIMS TO ENHANCE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, SUSTAINABILITY, AND RESILIENCE BY INCREASING OUR UNDERSTANDING OF NITROGEN FIXATION BY SOIL MICROBES. DESPITE ITS POTENTIAL BENEFITS, WE STILL KNOW RELATIVELY LITTLE ABOUT THE DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE OF NITROGEN-FIXING BACTERIA COMMUNITIES IN THE PLANT AND SOIL MICROBIOME AND AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS. TO ADDRESS THIS KNOWLEDGE GAP, WE WILL CONDUCT THREE CLOSELY RELATED OBJECTIVES. FIRST, WE WILL ANALYZE SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED BY THE NATIONAL SOIL HEALTH INSTITUTE AND THE REGIONAL WASHINGTON SOIL HEALTH INITIATIVE TO SURVEY THE DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE OF NITROGENOUS ENZYMES IN THE SAMPLES. WE WILL ALSO EXAMINE EXISTING METADATA ON SOIL PROPERTIES, CROPPING SYSTEMS, AND ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT TO SEE HOW THEY RELATE TO NITROGEN FIXATION. SECOND, WE WILL EXPAND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NFIXDB, A DATABASE BEING DEVELOPED BY OUR PROJECT TEAM, TO INCLUDE AGRICULTURALLY RELEVANT SEQUENCES. WE WILL USE THIS DATABASE TO DESIGN NEW PRIMERS TO SURVEY ALTERNATIVE NITROGENASES THAT RELY ON DIFFERENT METAL COFACTORS SUCH AS MOLYBDENUM, VANADIUM, AND IRON. WE WILL THEN ANALYZE THE PHYLOGENETIC AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY OF NITROGENASE ENZYMES IN RELATION TO AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, PARTICULARLY NOTING WHETHER THERE ARE NITROGEN-FIXING BACTERIA THAT ARE UNIQUE TO SPECIFIC REGIONS.FINALLY, WE WILL CONDUCT WHEAT EXPERIMENTS UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS TO TEST WHETHER METAL COFACTORS LIMIT THE ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY OF NITROGEN-FIXING BACTERIA COMMUNITIES. BY DOING THIS WORK, WE HOPE TO EXPAND OUR KNOWLEDGE OF BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN FIXATION AND FIND WAYS TO MANAGE AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS MORE EFFECTIVELY.
$849,135Washington State University · · FY2023 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
SYNTHETIC NITROGEN (N) FERTILIZER IS ONE OF THE MOST EXPENSIVE AND ENERGY-INTENSIVE INPUTS TO PRODUCE IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS WORLDWIDE. INEFFICIENT USE OF N FERTILIZERS IN AGRICULTURE LEADS TO A HOST OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC CONCERNS. TO ALLEVIATE THE ENVIRONMENTAL BURDENS AND INCREASE FARMING PROFITABILITY, IT IS CRITICAL TO IDENTIFY SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVES TO IMPROVE MAIZE NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY (NUE). ROOT-ASSOCIATED MICROBIOMES REPRESENT AN IMPORTANT AVENUE TO SUSTAINABLY IMPROVING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND NUE. IN THIS PROJECT, WE WILL USE A SET OF BENEFICIAL MICROBES THAT PREVIOUSLY IDENTIFIED AND TEST WHAT ARE THEIR EFFECTS ON PLANT PERFORMANCE. ADDITIONALLY, WE WILL PROFILE THE ROOT-ASSOCIATED MICROBIOME COMPOSITION IN A SET OF UNDERUTILIZED MAIZE GENETIC MATERIALS UNDER HIGH N AND LOW N CONDITIONS. FINALLY, WE WILL DEVELOP A MICROBIOME-ENABLED STATISTICAL MODEL TO FACILITATE PLANT BREEDING. THROUGH THIS PROJECT, WE WILL INTEGRATE STATE-OF-THE-ART METAGENOMICS, QUANTITATIVE GENETICS, STATISTICAL GENOMICS, AND HIGH-THROUGHPUT PHENOTYPING APPROACHES TO HARNESS THE SYMBIOTIC PARTNERSHIP FOR MAIZE NUE IMPROVEMENT. THE KNOWLEDGE AND THE RESULTING MICROBIOME-ENABLED METHOD WILL POSITIVELY IMPACT MAIZE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND THE SUSTAINABILITY OF U.S. AGRICULTURE.
$849,000Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska · · FY2022 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** THE U.S. NATIONAL FORESTS PROVIDE TRILLIONS OF DOLLARS OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES INCLUDING SOIL RETENTION, NUTRIENT CYCLING, GROUNDWATER RECHARGE, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, AND GREENHOUSE GAS AND CLIMATE REGULATION. WHILE WILDFIRES ARE CRITICAL TO THE ECOLOGY OF MANY OF THESE SYSTEMS, FIRES OF UNPRECEDENTED SIZE, SEVERITY, AND FREQUENCY ARE THREATENING THE SERVICES THEY PROVIDE AND COSTING THE USDA BILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN FIRE SUPPRESSION. THIS IS OF PARTICULAR CONCERN FOR RANGELANDS LIKE CHAPARRAL, OR FIRE-ADAPTED SHRUBLANDS, WHICH STORE ROUGHLY 0.13 PG OF CARBON EVERY YEAR IN THE WESTERN U.S. ALONE, BUT WHOSE CARBON-STORAGE AND GREENHOUSE REGULATION CAPACITY IS LARGELY GOVERNED BY SOIL MICROBIOMES THAT ARE FUNDAMENTALLY ALTERED BY WILDFIRES. WHETHER THE PYROPHILOUS, OR FIRE-LOVING, MICROBES ESTABLISHED POST-FIRE FUNDAMENTALLY ALTER THE FUNCTION OF CHAPARRAL REMAINS LARGELY UNEXPLORED, WITH ONLY 13% OF RESEARCH ON POST-FIRE SOIL MICROBIOMES OCCURRING IN SHRUBLANDS. HERE, WE PROPOSE TO USE ATRAIT-BASED CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK, WIDELY USED BY PLANT ECOLOGISTS, TO CHARACTERIZE AND BIN PYROPHILOUS MICROBES INTO FUNCTIONAL GROUPS THAT HELP PREDICT POST-FIRE MICROBIOME FUNCTIONS AND THE IMPACTS OF WILDFIRES ON SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. WORKING AT A STRENGTHENING INSTITUTION, WE WILL USE COMPLEMENTARY FIELD AND LABORATORY-BASED APPROACHES TO ADDRESS A KEY USDA PROGRAM AREA PRIORITY OF CHARACTERIZING SOIL MICROBIOMES AND METABOLITES THAT DRIVE CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES. WE WILL USE HIGH-RESOLUTION TEMPORAL SAMPLING FROM TWO RECENT CHAPARRAL WILDFIRES, COUPLED WITH METAGENOMIC, ISOTOPIC, AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL TOOLS, AND A LARGE AND UNIQUE CULTURE COLLECTION OF FIRE-ADAPTED MICROBES (200 ISOLATES AND COUNTING) TO PRODUCE A MECHANISTIC UNDERSTANDING OF POST-FIRE MICROBIOME FUNCTION.
$849,000Regents Of The University Of California At Riverside · · FY2022 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** NATURAL FRESHWATER RESOURCES IN THE U.S. CORN BELT ARE SHRINKING DUE TO OVERUSE AND WORSENING DROUGHT. CORN PRODUCTION ALREADY USES MORE WATER THAN ANY OTHER CROP, YET THE NEED FOR IRRIGATION IS RISING AS TEMPERATURES INCREASE AND PRECIPITATION DROPS. POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS TO THIS PROBLEM MUST SIMULTANEOUSLY PROTECT YIELDS AND OUR FRESHWATER SUPPLIES. THIS PROPOSAL EXPLORES THE USE OF BENEFICIAL MICROBES FOR IMPROVING CORN DROUGHT TOLERANCE.ROOT MICROBIOMES ARE KNOWN TO AFFECT PLANT DROUGHT TOLERANCE, BUT THEIR EXTREME COMPLEXITY HAS BEEN AN OBSTACLE TO UNDERSTANDING WHICH MICROBES AND MICROBIAL GENES CAUSE THESE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS. WE WILL GENERATE NEW EXPERIMENTAL RESOURCES TO DISSECT THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MICROBE-INDUCED DROUGHT TOLERANCE: NAMELY, A SIMPLIFIED COMMUNITY OF MAIZE ROOT MICROBES AND IMPROVED METAPROTEOMICS METHODS. WE WILL COMBINE THESE TOOLS TO ACHIEVE OUR OVERALL GOAL: IDENTIFICATION OF MICROBIAL GENES AND PROTEINS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO PLANT DROUGHT TOLERANCE.FIRST, WE WILL ISOLATE AND SEQUENCE A COLLECTION OF ROOT-ASSOCIATED MICROBES FROM SOILS ACROSS A NATURAL PRECIPITATION GRADIENT IN KANSAS, AND SCREEN THEM FOR BENEFICIAL EFFECTS ON DROUGHT-STRESSED CORN SEEDLINGS. SECOND, WE WILL FINE-TUNE METHODS FOR MEASURING MICROBIAL PROTEIN EXPRESSION WITHIN PLANT ROOTS. FINALLY, WE WILL COMBINE THESE NEW TOOLS IN A SERIES OF EXPERIMENTS TO INVESTIGATE GENES AND PROTEINS INVOLVED IN MICROBE-MICROBE-PLANT INTERACTIONS THAT ENHANCE DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN CORN. THE RESULTING NEW RESEARCH TOOLS AND IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF MICROBIOME FUNCTION WOULD BRING US CLOSER TO THE GOAL OF USING BENEFICIAL MICROBES TO PROTECT CORN YIELDS UNDER WATER-LIMITED CONDITIONS WITHOUT FURTHER DEPLETING OUR NATURAL FRESHWATER RESOURCES.
$849,000North Carolina State University · · FY2022 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Object Oriented Data Analysis for Untargeted Metabolomics
$848,987William D Shannon · William D Shannon Consulting, Llc · R44 · FY2020 · GM
Food Allergy Outcomes Related to White and African American Racial Differences (FORWARD)
$848,350Ruchi S Gupta · Northwestern University At Chicago · R01 · FY2017 · AI
Role of the microbiome in HIV vaccine induced heterogeneity
$848,148James G. Kublin · Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center · R01 · FY2018 · AI
Esophageal cancer genetic project
$847,724Philip Taylor · Division Of Cancer Epidemiology And Genetics · ZIA · FY2015 · CA
Immunobiology of Lung Injury and Fibrosis
$847,613Bethany B. Moore · University Of Michigan At Ann Arbor · R35 · FY2019 · HL
Effects of Vagal Dysfunction on Gastrointestinal and Inflammatory Pathways in HIV
$847,498Jessica Robinson-Papp · Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai · R01 · FY2020 · DK
Effects of Vagal Dysfunction on Gastrointestinal and Inflammatory Pathways in HIV
$847,498Jessica Robinson-Papp · Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai · R01 · FY2022 · DK
Effects of Vagal Dysfunction on Gastrointestinal and Inflammatory Pathways in HIV
$847,498Jessica Robinson-Papp · Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai · R01 · FY2021 · DK
Effects of Vagal Dysfunction on Gastrointestinal and Inflammatory Pathways in HIV
$847,498Jessica Robinson-Papp · Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai · R01 · FY2023 · DK
Investigating genomic factors and microbiome features that impact CDI transmission and prognosis
$847,495Ali M Bashir · Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai · R01 · FY2015 · AI
Investigating genomic factors and microbiome features that impact CDI transmission and prognosis
$847,495Harm Van Bakel · Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai · R01 · FY2019 · AI
Investigating genomic factors and microbiome features that impact CDI transmission and prognosis
$847,495Harm Van Bakel · Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai · R01 · FY2018 · AI