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24,576 grants matching “microbiome”
HIV, ART and aging: Role of Lactate in NeuroHIV
$750,000Prasun K Datta · Tulane University Of Louisiana · R56 · FY2025 · AG
High Performance Computing Cluster for Biomedical Research at VCU
$749,998Preetam Ghosh · Virginia Commonwealth University · S10 · FY2025 · OD
**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** THE BUILDING AND MAINTENANCE OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER (SOM) IS A FUNDAMENTAL PILLAR OF SOIL HEALTH. SOIL ORGANIC MATTER PROVIDES IMPROVED NUTRIENTS FOR FOOD PRODCUTION, LONG TERM STORAGE OF CARBON REMOVED FROM THE ATMOSPHERE, AND ENHANCED BIODIVERSITY IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS. SOIL MICROORGANISMS SUCH AS BACTERIA AND FUNGI ARETHE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF SOIL ECOSYSTEMS THAT TRANSFORM AND BUILD STABLE SOM. HOWEVER, THE SOIL MICROBIOME IS SO COMPLEXTHAT AFTER MORE THAN A DECADE OF HUNDREDS OF SOIL MICROBIOME STUDIES, WE DO NOTYET HAVE A THOROUGH UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THE SOIL MICROBIOME IMPACTS SOM. METAGENOMIC APPROACHES HAVE GREAT PROMISE BECAUSE THEYFOCUS NOT JUST ON WHICHMICROORGANISMS ARE PRSENT BUT ALSO THE GENES THEY USE TO CARRY OUT DIFFERENT METABOLIC FUNCTIONS. FURTHERMORE, CHANGES IN AMOUTNS OF SOM IN SOIL ARE VERY SLOW TO CHANGE (E.G., DECADES), MAKING IT CHALLENGING TO DETERMINE IF SOIL HEALTH PRACTICES ARE HAVINGDESIRABLE BENEFITS OVER SHORT TIME SCALES. HOWEVER, USING ISOTOPICALLY LABELED CARBON AS A TRACER IN SOIL MAKES IT POSSIBLE TO DETECT SMALL CHANGES IN THE MOST STABLE FRACTIONS OF SOIL CARBON OVER RELATIVELY SHORT TIME SCALES. UNFORTUNATLELY, ALTHOUGH METAGENOMICS AND ISOTOPIC LABELING ARE VERY POWERFUL FOR UNDERSTANDING COMPLEX SYSTEMS,THESE METHODS ARE GENERALLY STILL TOO COSTLY, TECHNICAL,AND TIME-CONSUMING FOR WIDESPREAD MONITORING OF SOIL HEALTH. WE AIM TO COUPLEMETAGENOMIC AND ISOTOPIC APPROACHES IN A SUITE OF CONTROLLED LABORATORY AND FIELD EXPERIMENTS TOIDENTIFY WHICH SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY TRAITS PREDICTTHE ACCUMULATION OF STABLE SOM. OUR ULTIMATE AIM IS THAT THESE TRAITS - ONCE ELUCIDATED - WILL OPEN THE DOOR FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NEXT-GENERATION ASSAYS OF SOIL HEALTH THAT CAN BE SCALED FOR WIDESPREAD USE. WE PROPOSE TO FIRST IDENTIFY THESE TRAITS BY INVESTIGATING HOW SOIL MICROORGRANISMS PROCESSCARBON FROM PLANT MATERIAL IN SMALL EXPERIMENTAL SOIL SYSTEMS IN THE LAB THAT REPRESENT A WIDE RANGE OF SOIL TYPES.WE WILL THEN VALIDATE THESE TRAITS IN A SOIL HEALTH MANAGEMENT CONTEXT BY SAMPLING A VAREITY OF SOIL HEALTH BUILDING COVER CROP SYSTEMS IN THE FIELD. FIRSTLY, WE WILL EVALUATE WHETHER SOIL MICROBIAL TRAITS CAN BE USED TO INDICATE THE TRAJECTORYOF SOIL HEALTH IN SOILS THAT HAVE ONLY RECENLTY RECEIVED NEW COVER CROP TREATMENTS. IN OTHER WORDS, CAN THESE TRAITS BE USED TO EVALUATE WHETHER RECENTLY IMPLEMENTED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ARE MOVING TORWARDDESIRED LONG-TERM OUTCOMES? SECONDLY, WE WILL EVALUATE WHETHER SOIL MICROBIAL TRAITS CAN INDICATE THE STATUSOF SOIL HEALTH AMONG SITES THAT HAVE BEEN MANGAGED DIFFERENLTY OVER LONG PERIODS (E.G., DECADES). WE WILL DO THIS BY SAMPLING LONG-TERM RESEARCH PLOTS EMPLOYING A VARIETY OF ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL CROPPING SYSTEMS CONTINUOUSLY SINCE 1986 AT THE LOWER CHESAPEAKE BAY LONG-TERM AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SITE IN BELTSVILLE, MD.THIS WORK IS DIRECTLY RELEVANT TO THE SOIL HEALTH PROGRAM AREA 1401 BY FOCUSING ON THE BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS THAT LEAD TO THE RESTORATION OF SOM, A KEY SOILHEALTH METRIC.
$749,996Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University · · FY2022 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
AZITHROMYCIN TO PREVENT RECURRENT WHEEZING FOLLOWING SEVERE RSV BRONCHIOLITIS
$749,986Avraham Beigelman · Washington University · R01 · FY2017 · HL
DROUGHTS ARE EXPECTED TO INCREASE IN INTENSITY AND DURATION, WHICH CAN LIMIT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND SUSTAINABILITY. DROUGHT AFFECTS BOTH PLANT AND SOIL MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES AS WELL AS THEIR GROWTH, REPRODUCTION, AND COMMUNITY COMPOSITION. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RHIZOSPHERE MICROBIOME AND PLANT ROOTS CAN DETERMINE THE HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE HOST PLANT. THIS IS ESPECIALLY RELEVANT IN THE CONTEXT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PERTURBATIONS SUCH AS DROUGHT. DESPITE ADVANCES IN OUR ABILITIES TO SEQUENCE SOIL MICROORGANISMS, IDENTIFYING ROOT-SOIL-MICROBIOME INTERACTIONS THAT ULTIMATELY REGULATE PLANT RESPONSE TO DROUGHT REMAINS A MAJOR KNOWLEDGE GAP. COTTON IS A MAJOR U.S. FIBER CROP THAT IS OFTEN GROWN IN DROUGHT-PRONE AREAS (E.G., SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS OF TEXAS) AND CAN BE USED AS A MODEL CROP TO UNDERSTAND MICROBIAL-MEDIATED DROUGHT TOLERANCE. HERE WE PROPOSE TO IDENTIFY FEEDBACK MECHANISMS BETWEEN ROOTS AND THE RHIZOSPHERE MICROBIOME THAT GOVERN THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF COTTON IN RESPONSE TO DROUGHT. IMPROVING OUR UNDERSTANDING OF PLANT-MICROBIOME INTERACTIONS CAN PROVIDE BIOLOGICAL INSIGHT FOR MANAGING AND MAINTAINING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN DROUGHT CONDITIONS. FURTHERMORE, IT HAS THE POTENTIAL TO IDENTIFY MECHANISMS OF DROUGHT STRESS TOLERANCE THAT CAN BE EXPLOITED THROUGH MICROBIAL INOCULANTS AND BREEDING IN A WIDE VARIETY OF CROPS, IN ORDER TO SAVE WATER, REDUCE IRRIGATION COSTS, AND DECREASE COMPETITION FOR WATER RESOURCES. OUR PROPOSAL DIRECTLY APPLIES TO THE AGRICULTURE MICROBIOMES PROGRAM AREA AS THEY BOTH SEEK TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE INTERACTIONS AMONG HOST (I.E., PLANT), ENVIRONMENT, AND THE MICROBIOME THROUGH CHARACTERIZING THE MICROBIAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OR SIGNAL EXCHANGE WITH RESPECT TO DROUGHT TOLERANCE.?
$749,966Texas A&M Agrilife Research · · FY2020 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Reserve against Disability in Early Multiple Sclerosis (RADIEMS) Longitudinal Cohort Study
$749,958James Francis Sumowski · Icahn School Of Medicine At Mount Sinai · R01 · FY2021 · HD
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** PLANT SURVIVAL DURING ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IS NECESSARY TO FEED OUR GROWING HUMAN POPULATION, AND PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS ARE CENTRAL TO PLANT STRESS SURVIVAL. OUR MODEL SPECIES, BLUE GRAMA (BOUTELOUA GRACILIS), ACCOUNTS FOR THE MAJORITY OF NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY IN SEMIARID GRASSLANDS--ECOSYSTEMS PREDICTED TO BECOME WARMER AND DRIER. THE RELEASE OF C-RICH ROOT EXUDATES IS A KEY MECHANISM TO MANAGE THE ROOT MICROBIOME, ATTRACTING BENEFICIAL MICROBES AND/OR SUPPRESSING HARMFUL MICROBES TO HELP PLANTS WITHSTAND ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS. HOWEVER, ROOT EXUDATION OF C DIVERTS C FROM OTHER ESSENTIAL PLANT FUNCTIONS SUCH AS GROWTH AND METABOLIC MAINTENANCE, RESULTING IN A 'C COST.' A CRITICAL KNOWLEDGE GAP IS HOW PLANTS BALANCE THE COST-BENEFIT OF MANAGING THE ROOT MICROBIOME WITH ROOT EXUDATES UNDER DIFFERENT STRESSORS. THE GOAL OF THIS WORK IS TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS ON: 1) THE C COST OF ROOT EXUDATES AND 2) THE ROOT MICROBIOME VIA SHIFTS IN ROOT EXUDATE COMPOSITION. USING A MANIPULATIVE GREENHOUSE EXPERIMENT, WE WILL IMPOSE 4 ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS TREATMENTS ON BLUE GRAMA: AMBIENT, HEAT, DROUGHT, HEAT+DROUGHT. TO MEASURE THE C COST OF ROOT EXUDATES (1), WE WILL QUANTIFY PLANT C ALLOCATION TO GROWTH, RESPIRATION, AND ROOT EXUDATES USING 13CO2-LABELLING AND PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS. TO DETERMINE HOW STRESS-INDUCED SHIFTS IN ROOT EXUDATE COMPOSITION ALTER THE ROOT MICROBIOME (2), WE WILL CHARACTERIZE ROOT EXUDATE COMPOSITION WITH METABOLOMICS AND THE ROOT MICROBIAL COMMUNITY COMPOSITION AND POTENTIAL FUNCTION WITH 16S AMPLICON SEQUENCING, METAGENOMICS, AND METATRANSCRIPTOMICS. THIS RESEARCH ADDRESSES THE AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOMES PROGRAM AREA GOAL TO EXAMINE HOW HOST-MICROBE INTERACTIONS INFLUENCE MICROBIOME COMPOSITION UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS.
$749,903Montana State University · · FY2021 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
NASAL MICROBIOME ENGINEERING FOR ENHANCED OLFACTION
$749,895Colorado State University · · FY2019 · Department of the Navy
Assessing SARS-CoV-2 Variant Evolution in Patients
$749,891Richard G Wunderink · Northwestern University At Chicago · U19 · FY2021 · AI
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** THE AGRICULTURE MICROBIOME PROGRAM (AMP) WILL INTRODUCE NINTH AND TENTH GRADE STUDENTS AND STEM TEACHERS TO THE MICROBIOME SCIENCES THAT PROMISE TO IMPROVE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF AGRICULTURE. THIS WILL BE ACCOMPLISHED BY DEVELOPING AND PRESENTING ITERATIVE AND INTERACTIVE, VIRTUAL CURRICULUM MODULES AND HANDS ON SUMMER CAMP CURRICULUM, THAT WILL CULTIVATE PARTICIPANT INTEREST IN AGRICULTURE MICROBIOME RESEARCH AND THE TECHNOLOGY AND APPROACHES THAT UNDERPINS THIS SCIENCE. THE SCIENCE CURRICULUM WILL INCLUDE PARTICIPATION IN ONGOING MICROBIOME RESEARCH PROJECTS. ALL AMP PARTICIPANTS WILL THEN BE NURTURED AND GUIDED TO DEVELOP INDIVIDUALIZED AUDIENCE-FRIENDLY AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOME SCIENCE EXTENSION PRESENTATIONS USING AMP CONTENT, THAT THEY WILL USE TO EDUCATE THEIR COMMUNITY AUDIENCES THAT THEY CHOSE IN A NON-FORMAL LEARNING FORUM. ALL PARTICIPANTS WILL ALSO BE TRAINED AND REQUIRED TO EVALUATE THEIR AMP EXTENSION PROGRAMS. AMP WILL COMPLEMENTAND BUILD UPON THE SUCCESS OF OK 4-H STEM PROGRAMS, THE OK 4-H INNOVATE LEADERSHIP SUMMIT, AND THE OKLAHOMA REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION SUMMER ACADEMIESILL BE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS AND THE PUBLIC FROM AN AMP WEBSITE AS WILL INFORMATION AND EXAMPLES THAT CAN BE USED TO HELP THE GENERAL PUBLIC CREATE THEIR OWN PROGRAMS THAT CONNECT MICROBIOME RESEARCH WITH AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE ADVANCES.
$749,865Oklahoma State University · · FY2023 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
The microbiome and aging in Clostridioides difficile infection
$749,862Vincent B Young · University Of Michigan At Ann Arbor · R01 · FY2024 · AI
THE LEACHING OF NITRATES FROM AGRICULTURAL SOILS DUE TO FERTILIZER APPLICATION IS CLEARLY A PROBLEM IN MANY PARTS OF THE UNITED STATES. IN CALIFORNIA, NITRATE IN GROUNDWATER IS A HEALTH RISK FOR ABOUT 250,000 PEOPLE IN THE TULARE LAKE BASIN AND SALINAS VALLEY. IN IOWA, THE DES MOINES WATER DISTRICT IS SPENDING MILLIONS OF DOLLARS TO REMOVE NITRATES IN WATER COMING FROM THE RACCOON AND DES MOINES RIVERS. THE EFFECTS OF NITRATES AND ALSO PHOSPHATE MAY BE VISUALIZED IN THE DEAD ZONE THAT FORMS AROUND THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER DELTA IN THE GULF OF MEXICO. TO MAINTAIN PRODUCTIVE AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS THE APPLICATION OF FERTILIZER IS ESSENTIAL, BUT IT WILL BE IMPORTANT TO FIND MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS TO REDUCE THE NITRATE CONTAMINATION OF GROUND AND SURFACE WATERS. NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS MAY CONTRIBUTE TO REDUCING NITRIFICATION. HOWEVER USING PLANTS THAT EXUDE NATURAL PRODUCTS THAT INHIBIT NITRIFYING BACTERIA IS A MORE ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY AND IS MORE ECONOMICAL FOR FARMERS AND MAY BE MORE EFFECTIVE THAN THE APPLICATION OF INHIBITORS.THE RHIZOSPHERE IS THE KEY REGION WHERE PLANT ROOTS INTERACT WITH SOILS AND MICROBES TO ACQUIRE ESSENTIAL MINERALS AND WATER. SOIL ECOSYSTEMS CONTAIN ONE OF THE MOST DIVERSE ARRAYS OF MICROBIAL SPECIES THAT ARE FREE LIVING OR LIVE IN ASSOCIATION WITH PLANT ROOTS AND THEIR RHIZOSPHERE. THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE NITRIFYING MICROBES IN SOILS AND THE OPPORTUNITY FOR BIOLOGICAL NITRIFICATION INHIBITION THROUGH ROOT EXUDATES HAS THE POTENTIAL TO INCREASE THE NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY OF AGROECOSYSTEMS IN THE UNITED STATES BY EITHER USING SORGHUM IN ROTATIONS OR BY ENGINEERING MAIZE TO PRODUCE EXUDATES THAT INHIBIT NITRIFICATION. THIS BIOLOGICAL SOLUTION HAS THE POTENTIAL TO REDUCE NITRATE LEACHING ON OVER 100 MILLION ACRES OF FARMLAND WHERE MAIZE IS BEING GROWN. THE REDUCTION IN NITRATE LEACHING WILL REDUCE THE NEGATIVE IMPACT THAT FERTILIZERS HAVE ON WATERWAYS AND DRINKING WATER.THE RHIZOSPHERE AND THE SOIL AROUND THE ROOTS ARE THE MAJOR REGIONS FROM WHERE PLANTS ACQUIRE ESSENTIAL MINERALS AND WATER. THE RHIZOSPHERE CONTAINS MANY DIFFERENT ROOT EXUDED METABOLITES INCLUDING CARBON COMPOUNDS, HORMONES, AMINO ACIDS AND OTHER SMALL MOLECULES. RESEARCH ON HOW ROOT EXUDATES INFLUENCE THE SOIL MICROBIOME HAS THE POTENTIAL TO REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT OF COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE AND TO INCREASE THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF CROP PRODUCTION THROUGH REDUCTIONS IN FERTILIZER. LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT HOW PLANT ROOT EXUDATES INFLUENCE THE FUNCTION OF THE SOIL MICROBIOME AND THE EFFECT THIS HAS ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES SUCH AS NUTRIENT CYCLING. THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO ELUCIDATE HOW THE SORGHUM ROOT EXUDATES SORGOLEONE AND STRIGOLACTONE INFLUENCE THE RHIZOSPHERE AND SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES AND HOW THIS MAY ENHANCE NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY AND YIELD.SORGOLEONE IS THE MAJOR ROOT EXUDATE THAT HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE A BIOLOGICAL NITRIFICATION INHIBITOR, BUT ITS ROLE IN SHAPING THE SOIL MICROBIOME OR IN REDUCING THE LOSS OF NITROGEN FROM FIELD BASED AGROECOSYSTEMS HAS NOT BEEN DETERMINED. STRIGOLACTONE IS AN IMPORTANT ROOT EXUDATE AND PLANT HORMONE INDUCED BY PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN DEFICIENCY AND ACTS AS A SIGNAL FOR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND PARASITIC PLANTS, BUT IT'S IMPACT ON THE BACTERIAL, ARCHAEAL AND FUNGAL MICROBIOMES AND ON NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY HAS NOT BEEN DETERMINED. THIS PROJECT WILL FOCUS ON HOW ROOT EXUDATES SHAPE MICROBIAL COMMUNITY COMPOSITION AND SOIL FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES WITH EMPHASIS ON NITRIFICATION AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY.
$749,778Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska · · FY2020 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** THIS PROJECT AIMS TO DEVELOP NEW KNOWLEDGE THAT WILL GUIDE TARGETED MANAGEMENT APPROACHES FOR IMPROVING THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF SOIL AMENDMENTS IN AGRICULTURE. ORGANIC AMENDMENTS WILL BE THE FOCAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICE. WE WILL DEVELOP BIOPHYSICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CONCEPTUAL MODELS, HIGHLIGHTING KEY PROCESSES FOR IMPROVING SOIL HEALTH DURING ORGANIC AMENDMENT DEGRADATION. WE WILL DEFINE CRITICAL TRAITS OF SOIL AND ORGANIC AMENDMENTS THAT CAN PROMOTE SOIL HEALTH. BIOLOGICAL METRICS WILL ALSO BE DEVELOPED FOR DIAGNOSING THE CAPACITY AND THE CAUSE OF ORGANIC AMENDMENT-RELEVANT SOIL HEALTH PROCESSES. THE GOAL AND OBJECTIVES WILL BE ACHIEVED BY INTERROGATING CASCADE AND ANTAGONISTIC SOIL PROCESSES VIA A SEQUENCE OF MICROCOSM, GREENHOUSE, AND SMALL-SCALE FIELD EXPERIMENTS AND A SUITE OF CHROMATOGRAPHY-, SPECTROMETRY-, IMAGING- AND MICROBIOME-APPROACHES. THE OUTCOME OF THIS PROJECT WILL BE A KNOWLEDGE PACKAGE THAT INCLUDES MECHANICS, METRICS, AND CRITERIA FOR RELIABLE DIAGNOSIS AND EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF SOIL HEALTH. THIS PROJECT IS DIRECTED TOWARDS THE CORE GOAL OF THE AFRI FOUNDATIONAL AND APPLIED SCIENCE PROGRAM - SOIL HEATH. IT IS FOCUSED ON DEVELOPING KNOWLEDGE TO BUILD RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVING SOIL HEALTH FROM AN INFORMED BASELINE. IT ADDRESSES HOW ORGANIC AMENDMENTS SHOULD BE MANAGED IN ARABLE LAND TO IMPROVE SOIL HEALTH, AND WHAT BIOLOGICAL METRICS ARE MORE FEASIBLE TO DIAGNOSE THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF SOIL AMENDMENTS.
$749,764North Carolina State University · · FY2025 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
MANAGING CROP MICROBIOMES FOR ENHANCED PRODUCTIVITY AND DISEASE RESISTANCE IS A MAJOR CHALLENGE GIVEN THEIR TAXONOMIC AND FUNCTIONAL COMPLEXITY. ON THE OTHER HAND, MANAGING A DISCRETE COMPONENT OF THE MICROBIOME MAY BE A MORE REALISTIC GOAL IF WE CAN SELECTIVELY BREED FOR PLANT GENOTYPES THAT ARE ENRICHED IN A TAXONOMIC GROUP THAT IS BENEFICIAL TO PLANTS, OR MANIPULATE PLANT GENOMES TO PROMOTE PARTICULAR BENEFICIAL PLANT-FUNGAL SYMBIOSES. THE PROPOSED STUDY WILL ADVANCE SUSTAINABLE DISEASE MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS BY CONTRIBUTING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANT GENETIC IMPROVEMENT TARGETS THAT FACILITATE PLANT DISEASE SUPPRESSION BY EPIPHYTIC YEASTS. WE WILL DO THIS BY LEVERAGING PLANT GENOMIC RESOURCES IN THE MODEL TREE, POPULUS TRICHOCARPA, TO IDENTIFY PLANT SNPS/GENES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ABUNDANCE OF EPIPHYTIC YEAST SPECIES AND THEIR ANTAGONISM OF A LEAF RUST PATHOGEN. WE WILL ADDITIONALLY EXPLORE YEAST-PATHOGEN ANTAGONISM IN THE CONTEXT OF A SYNTHETIC COMMUNITY, ASKING WHETHER YEAST ARRIVAL ORDER INTO THE COMMUNITY IMPACTS DISEASE SUPPRESSION. WE EXPECT THAT RESULTS OF OUR PROJECT WILL REVEAL THE POTENTIAL FOR PLANT GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OPTIMIZING BOTH EPIPHYTIC YEAST COLONIZATION AND YEAST PRIORITY EFFECTS FOR ROBUST DISEASE CONTROL. THIS NOVEL APPROACH TO DISEASE MANAGEMENT HAS THE POTENTIAL TO BE BOTH SAFER AND MORE SUSTAINABLE THAN THE USE OF CONVENTIONAL PESTICIDES. OUTCOMES OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH ADDRESS TWO KEY USDA AFRI PROGRAM AREAS: PLANT HEALTH AND PRODUCTION, AND BIOENERGY, NATURAL RESOURCES AND THE ENVIRONMENT.
$749,757Oregon State University · · FY2020 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Translational Science Initiative
$749,716Carlos A Sariol · University Of Puerto Rico Med Sciences · P40 · FY2021 · OD
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** HOST-ASSOCIATED MICROBESCAN HAVE DRAMATIC EFFECTS ON THE HEALTH, FECUNDITY, AND LONGEVITY OF MANY INSECT HOSTS, INCLUDING THE HONEY BEE. THE HONEY BEE (APIS MELLIFERA) IS MODERN AGRICULTURE'S MOST ECONOMICALLY BENEFICIAL INSECT BECAUSE OF THE POLLINATION SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE THOUSANDS OF FORAGING WORKERS IN EACH COLONY, THEIR COSMOPOLITAN FLORAL PREFERENCES, AND THEIR LONG HISTORY OF COMMERCIAL MANAGEMENT. ACCORDINGLY, OUR RESEARCH GROUP HAS BEEN KEENLY FOCUSED ON UNDERSTANDING HOW HONEY BEE-ASSOCIATED MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES SUPPORT THE FUNCTION OF INDIVIDUAL BEES AND THE COLONY SUPERORGANISM. WE PREVIOUSLY DISCOVERED THAT HONEY BEE QUEENS HOST A UNIQUE MICROBIOME COMPARED TO THOSE OF WORKER BEES, THAT THIS MICROBE IS DOMINATED BY AN ORGANISM CALLED BOMBELLA APIS, THAT B. APIS SUPPLEMENTS BEE NUTRITION, AND THAT IT GENERATES A POTENT ANTIFUNGAL.OUR PRIOR WORK THEREFOREGENERATED SEVERAL IMPORTANT CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTED PROMISING AVENUES FOR FOLLOW-UP INVESTIGATION. WE SEEK TO UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF THIS MICROBE, AND OTHERS, IN SHAPING QUEEN FECUNDITY AND LONGEVITY AND THEREFORE COLONY HEALTH.IT IS VITAL THAT WE UNDERSTAND HOW INSECT-ASSOCIATED MICROBES SHAPE INSECT HEALTH, BOTH DIRECTLY AND INDIRECTLY, AND AFFECT THEIR ECOLOGICAL ROLE IN FOOD PRODUCTION SYSTEMS.
$749,651Trustees Of Indiana University · · FY2024 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
**AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** LEVERAGING SOIL MICROBIOMES TO PROMOTE CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE AND ADOPTION OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
$749,606Cornell University · · FY2022 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Immunologic changes associated with three progestin-based contraceptives: characterizing immune profiles over one year and identifying factors that may alter HIV risk
$749,597Alicia K Smith · Emory University · R01 · FY2021 · HD
The Lung DNA Virome in Health and Disease
$749,556Ronald G Collman · University Of Pennsylvania · R33 · FY2020 · HL
AccelNet: Accelerate Integration of Engineering and Agricultural Research using Artificial Intelligence (AI2EAR)
$749,441Rosangela Sozzani · North Carolina State University · · FY2020 · O/D
Effects of systemic and topical perturbations on human microbes
$749,424Heidi Kong · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2017 · CA
Deconvolution and Assembly of Metagenomes Using Chromatin Conformation Capture
$749,394Ivan Liachko · Phase Genomics, Inc. · R44 · FY2019 · AI
** AWARDS ISSUED PRIOR TO JANUARY 20, 2025, WERE FUNDED UNDER PREVIOUS ADMINISTRATIONS AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE PRIORITIES AND POLICIES OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION.** HIGH-INTENSITY SPECIALTY CROP PRODUCTION IN SUB-TROPICAL CLIMATES IS FACING INCREASED CHALLENGES DUE TO UNPREDICTABLE CLIMATE, LOW NUTRIENT AND WATER HOLDING CAPACITY, AND HIGH DISEASE AND PEST PRESSURES. PRODUCERS ARE INTERESTED IN PRACTICES THAT IMPROVE THE SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENCY OF THEIR SYSTEMS. PRACTICES INCLUDING COMPOST, COVER CROPS, AND FUMIGATION ALTER THE SOIL MICROBIOME IN WAYS THAT CAN BE BENEFICIAL TO THE RESILIENCY OF THE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS TO BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC STRESSES. HOWEVER, WHILE FUMIGATION IS A STANDARD PRACTICE FOR HIGH-INTENSITY SPECIALTY CROP PRODUCTION IN SUB-TROPICAL CLIMATES, COMPOST AND COVER CROPS ARE LESS COMMON, PARTICULARLY BECAUSE OF CHALLENGES OF THREE DIFFERENT FALLOW PERIODS PER YEAR.THIS PROJECT WILL DETERMINE HOW COMBINATIONS OF COVER CROPS, COMPOST, AND FUMIGATION ALTER THE SOIL ENVIRONMENT TO IMPROVE CROP PRODUCTION AND THE RESILIENCY OF THE SYSTEM TO BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC STRESSES. SUITABLE COVER CROP SPECIES/VARIETIES FOR THE MULTIPLE FALLOW PERIODS OF SUB-TROPICAL HIGH-INTENSITY SPECIALTY CROP PRODUCTION WILL BE TESTED AT A UNIVERSITY FARM. FIELD TRIALS IN COMMERCIAL FARMS WILL THEN BE CONDUCTED TO EXAMINE THE INTEGRATION AND IMPACTS OF SELECTED COVER CROPS AND/OR COMPOST WITH FUMIGATION ON THE SOIL MICROBIOME, DISEASE AND PEST INCIDENCE, AND CROP GROWTH, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY. PROVIDING STAKEHOLDERS WITH INFORMATION ABOUT THE RESULTS WILL OCCUR THROUGH A VARIETY OF EXTENSION ACTIVITIES TO PROMOTE ADOPTION.
$749,353University Of Florida · · FY2024 · National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Mechanisms and regulation of replication, the cell cycle, gene expression, and horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes, focusing on Bacillus subtilis.
$749,269Alan D Grossman · Massachusetts Institute Of Technology · R35 · FY2023 · GM
Cancer Genomics:Integrative and Scalable Solutions in R / Bioconductor
$749,248Martin T Morgan · Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center · U24 · FY2014 · CA