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38,696 grants matching “als”
Sensory Coding by Ensembles of Neurons.
$1,282,926Mark A Stopfer · Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development · ZIA · FY2011 · HD
Understanding the mutational mechanism responsible for the Repeat Expansion Diseases
$1,282,698Karen P. Usdin · National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases · ZIA · FY2025 · DK
METHANE (CH4) IS AN IMPORTANT LONG-LIVED GREENHOUSE GAS WHOSE GLOBAL SOURCES AND SINKS REQUIRE MORE INVESTIGATION TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THEIR ANTHROPOGENIC AND NATURAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO PAST CURRENT AND FUTURE RADIATIVE FORCING. RECENT WORK BY THIS TEAM (SCHWIETZKE ET AL. PUBLISHED IN NATURE ON OCTOBER 6 2016) SUGGESTS A REVISION OF THE 1985-2013 GLOBAL CH4 BUDGET BY USING THE MOST EXTENSIVE ISOTOPIC (DELTA13C-CH4) SOURCE SIGNATURE DATABASE TO-DATE. THE CONSISTENCY REQUIREMENT BETWEEN THIS DATABASE AND ATMOSPHERIC DELTA13C-CH4 DATA HAS INCREASED GLOBAL FOSSIL FUEL CH4 EMISSIONS BY 60-110 PERCENT COMPARED TO PREVIOUS TOP-DOWN ESTIMATES WHICH IS OFFSET BY LOWER MICROBIAL EMISSIONS. HOWEVER WE ALSO FOUND THAT GLOBAL FOSSIL FUEL CH4 EMISSIONS HAVE NOT INCREASED OVER THE PAST THREE DECADES CONSISTENT WITH SCHAEFER ET AL. (2016 SCIENCE) BUT IN DISAGREEMENT WITH OTHER STUDIES (E.G. BOUSQUET ET AL. 2006 RICE ET AL. 2016).THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH ARE TO IDENTIFY THE SPATIAL PATTERNS THAT WOULD BE CONSISTENT WITH THESE REVISIONS (INCLUDING THE UPWARD CORRECTION FROM THE OIL GAS AND COAL INDUSTRIES AND GEOLOGICAL SEEPAGE) AND TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE INDIVIDUAL FACTORS INFLUENCING WETLAND METHANOGENESIS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO GLOBAL MICROBIAL CH4 EMISSIONS AND THEIR TRENDS. THIS WILL BE ACHIEVED IN A GLOBAL INVERSE MODEL STUDY BASED ON A COMBINATION OF AVAILABLE DATA FROM IN SITU MEASURED AND REMOTELY SENSED TRACE GASES REMOTE SENSING OF INUNDATION AREA AND OUR LARGE DATABASE OF OVER 9 000 DELTA13C-CH4 SOURCE SIGNATURES. THE ISOTOPIC DATABASE WILL PROVIDE SOURCE- AND REGION-SPECIFIC SIGNATURES NOT AVAILABLE IN PREVIOUS STUDIES. GENERATING REVISED FOSSIL FUEL AND GEOLOGIC CH4 AND DELTA13C-CH4 SOURCE SIGNATURE MAPS WILL IMPROVE OUR ABILITY TO DISCRIMINATE BETWEEN NATURAL MICROBIAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC MICROBIAL EMISSIONS. THAT IS THE SPATIAL FOOTPRINT OF THE REVISED FOSSIL AND GEOLOGICAL CH4 EMISSIONS MAY PROVIDE SPATIAL INFORMATION THAT SUGGESTS REDUCTIONS IN MICROBIAL EMISSIONS IN SPATIALLY DISTINCT WAYS SINCE THE GLOBAL SPATIAL PATTERN OF WETLANDS IS DIFFERENT FROM RUMINANTS AND LANDFILLS. THIS RESULTS IN A TIGHTER CONSTRAINT FOR ATTRIBUTING EMISSIONS TO NATURAL MICROBIAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC MICROBIAL PROCESSES.WE WILL INVESTIGATE CH4 EMISSIONS FROM WETLANDS IN MORE DETAIL BECAUSE GLOBALLY THEY ARE AMONG THE LARGEST SINGLE CH4 SOURCES THEY HAVE A STRONG IMPACT ON THE OBSERVED CH4 ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION IN THE ATMOSPHERE AND THEY ARE THE MOST LIKELY EMISSION CATEGORY TO BE IMPACTED BY CLIMATE CHANGE. WETLAND CH4 EMISSION ESTIMATES WILL BE BASED ON A COMBINATION OF REMOTE SENSING OF INUNDATION AREA AND PROCESS-BASED BIOSPHERE MODELS. USING THE RESULTING RANGE OF SCENARIOS AS INPUTS TO OUR GLOBAL INVERSE MODEL (ABOVE INCLUDING ISOTOPIC CONSTRAINTS) WE EXPECT AN IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANISMS DRIVING THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS IN WETLAND CH4 EMISSIONS. THIS IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF THE DRIVING FORCES BEHIND WETLAND CH4 SOURCES WILL HELP US IMPROVE PREDICTIONS OF FUTURE EMISSIONS FROM THIS SOURCE ALLOWING A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF POTENTIAL CH4 CLIMATE FEEDBACKS. THE OPTIMIZED GRIDDED EMISSIONS AND ASSOCIATED ISOTOPIC SIGNATURES RESULTING FROM THIS WORK WILL ALSO PROVIDE THE GROUND WORK FOR FURTHER RESEARCH E.G. INCLUDING ADDITIONAL OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS THAT WILL BE AVAILABLE IN THE FUTURE.THIS PROJECT ADDRESSES THE ROSES A.28 (INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE) PROGRAM'S AIM OF (I) BETTER UNDERSTANDING THE GLOBAL SOURCES AND SINKS OF CH4 (II) DRAWING ON REMOTE SENSING DATA (III) INVESTIGATING THE CAUSALITIES OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND OBSERVATIONS (IV) AND BEING TRULY INTERDISCIPLINARY IN SCOPE. USING REMOTE SENSING DATA IN COMBINATION WITH IN SITU DATA OF BOTH CH4 AND ISOTOPES WILL PROVIDE STRONG CONSTRAINTS ON THE CURRENT AND FUTURE GLOBAL CH4 BUDGET.
$1,282,536The Regents Of The University Of Colorado · · FY2017 · National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Molecular Analysis Of Retroviral Genes And Their Products
$1,281,990Klaus Strebel · National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases · ZIA · FY2018 · AI
Novel Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators
$1,281,514Malliga Iyer · National Institute On Alcohol Abuse And Alcoholism · ZIA · FY2023 · AA
Multimodal Imaging: Genetic and Environmental Effects in Neuropsychiatry
$1,280,942Karen Faith Berman · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2021 · MH
Neuroimaging of Brain Circuits and Molecular Mechanisms in Normal Cognition
$1,280,942Karen Faith Berman · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2021 · MH
Development of an UNC13A antisense oligonucleotide treatment for ALS and FTD
$1,279,990Wen-Hsuan Chang · Acurastem, Inc. · R44 · FY2024 · NS
Restoring Communication with an Intracortical Neural Interface System
$1,279,925Leigh R Hochberg · Massachusetts General Hospital · R01 · FY2014 · DC
Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis
$1,279,773Ling Gang Wu · National Institute Of Neurological Disorders And Stroke · ZIA · FY2009 · NS
Design And Development Of Experimental Therapeutics
$1,279,633Nigel H. Greig · National Institute On Aging · ZIA · FY2015 · AG
Subcellular Compartmentalization of Neuronal Gene Expression
$1,279,475Barry Kaplan · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2018 · MH
Preclinical Evaluation Of PET Radiotracers
$1,277,891Robert Innis · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIA · FY2011 · MH
Finding Genes for Human Prostate Cancer
$1,277,788Elaine Ostrander · National Human Genome Research Institute · ZIA · FY2014 · HG
Comparative Mammalian Genomics
$1,277,788Elaine Ostrander · National Human Genome Research Institute · ZIA · FY2014 · HG
NF Center: From Animal Models to Therapeutics
$1,277,420Luis F Parada · Ut Southwestern Medical Center · P50 · FY2008 · NS
Deep South Network for Cancer Control
$1,277,067Edward E Partridge · University Of Alabama At Birmingham · U54 · FY2010 · CA
Genotoxicity and mitochondrial toxicity of antiretroviral NRTI and PI drugs
$1,275,318Miriam C Poirier · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2011 · CA
Comparative Genomics Analysis Unit Research
$1,274,470James C Mullikin · National Human Genome Research Institute · ZIA · FY2019 · HG
Molecular mechanisms of immune evasion in Staphylococcus aureus
$1,273,437Michael Otto · National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases · ZIA · FY2009 · AI
Drive to Zero: Developing a digital cohort to understand the drivers of non-sustained viral suppression in the Deep South
$1,273,106Aadia Rana · University Of Alabama At Birmingham · UG3 · FY2023 · AI
Procurement and Characterization of Postmortem Brain Tissue
$1,272,522Joel Kleinman · National Institute Of Mental Health · ZIC · FY2012 · MH
Impact of Airborne Heavy Metals on Lung Disease and the Environment
$1,272,132Veena B Antony · University Of Alabama At Birmingham · P42 · FY2022 · ES
Molecular Mechanisms of SOD1-linked ALS (P01)
$1,271,996University Of California Los Angeles · P01 · FY2005 · NS
Biology of T Cell Depletion
$1,271,859Crystal Mackall · Division Of Basic Sciences - Nci · ZIA · FY2010 · CA